United States Policy On China Essay Example for Free

fall in give ins Policy On chinawargon EssayThe United States polity on mainland china has a long history. In the Shanghai Communique, signed ming direct with the US and china in 1972, the United States of America acknow takeged the Peoples Republic of China combine that, all Chinese on both sides of the chinawargon Strait believe there is only wiz China, and that chinaware is part of the mainland. Other Communiques hand over withal been adopted by subsequent administrations to particularize heterogeneous policies for the United States, on the basis of the original genius, signed in 1972 by President Richard Nixon. The US by and by shifted its diplomatic base from Taipei to Beijing in recognition of the Mainland. In chinaware the United States has hold vibrant unofficial contacts in commercial and cultural aspects. Americas unofficial friendship with Taiwan has being a source of discomfort for mainland China over the years. It is sad to none that in 2005 Mai nland China passed an anti-secession law stating The Peoples Republic of China bequeath turn to non-peaceful avenues to tame Taiwan, if it declares self emancipation. The US has had to trade cautiously when it approaches Chinas internal affairs.This diplomacy has a large(p) deal bore fruits and avoided facing soldiersile the root problems. The US taking hard stances on China and Taiwan affairs atomic number 50 for certain be regarder-productive. Hence, the justification of its present position on the said matters as matters stands. Today, the main holy terror to the credentials of the United States is from Terrorism. Other Global altercates, are to be found in Climate change and the proliferation of nuclear weapons. To suitably address these issues the United States must engage China, to jointly tackle these problems.Taiwan has historically been confederate to the US. The Taiwan Relations Act in the US domestic law allows for unofficial contacts to thrive in the midst of the dickens countries. This term quo has to be abide byed, so as to protect the traditional interests of the United States of America, while observant the protocols of the various Communiques binding China and the US. The United States stands as the only tiptop government agency with an thriftiness that has great crop globally. China on the other(a) hand has the number with a population of over 1 one million million people been the most populated nation.Its economy has also been steadily rising as some(prenominal) US firm source their operations to China, though many do so with the prime aim of maximizing get and cutting down their operational costs. The Chinese sparing growth has certainly been food for theory for the form _or_ system of government makers. And the US residents concerned about the job loses eastern United States Asia is a strategic trading teammate for US Companies and products. A China policy has to defend the interests of these trading companies operating in this region, from japan to Indonesia. easterly Asias security is threaten by conjugation Korea developing nuclear weapons. This threat can be effectively contained with the co-operation of China. The US should advocate for a policy which go away eventually unite the two Koreas. In exchange of the ultimate unification of China and Taiwan, the US whitethorn opt to root for One Korea which is isolated and democratic. The emerging liberal Korea willing open up newly commercializes for the existing US companies found in these regions. As the grave concerns of pairing Korea acquiring nuclear weapons been a major US concern.The US has often seen China in a stop position to pile pressure on North Korea to cede its quest for nuclear weapons, as the US seeks for a peaceful solution to avert the nuclear proliferation before long backbreaking to tear the region apart. The end of the cold war ushered in new global contestation between the US and China solely based on h istorical and frugal mistrusts. Rapid industrial enterprise of China has had a ripple effect on the economies in atomic number 99 Asia, which now look up to China as a partner and protector, a role which was previously a prerogative of the US. inhibitory politics has managed to put a check on dissenting voices within China thus modify the leadership to look beyond the borders and assert Chinas regional hegemony. lacquer, though an sparing tycoon house, embraces a culture of anti-militarism and has not been at par to counter the monstrous growth of neighboring China, disdain their historical rivalry. As China incr residuals its regional influence, her other aim is to unite with Taiwan. Their modern approach to gain this pursuit is through prosperous Power.In Political Science, Military and economic power is considered as overweight Power while other means of coercion to achieve political gains such as pagan norms, political ethics, Uniting Ideas and accommodating Foreign Policies are classified as Soft Power. China, through its Soft Power has managed to win the trust of many countries across the Globe. Recent research indicates that, China has surpassed the US as the most trusted country in the world. Chinas domestic development and stability has do it a world power and is now bent on edging out the US from East Asian affairs.After the collapse of Communism in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe, it dawned on Chinese bureaucrats the need to consolidate power in the State. Previously an authoritative powerful State was considered a checkout to economic growth. In China, power was centralized in the CCP. Later, the open door and reform policy led to a revolutionary change in the social-economic intumesce-being of its citizens. The transformation of lifestyles has imbibed a sense of pride and confidence in the Chinese, breeding subject fieldism in the country.It is this renewed Nationalism which is a threat to the crisis in the Taiwan Strait, Chine se nationalists feel China should be forcibly linked to Taiwan. Across Taiwan, political liberalization and economic empowerment has created a new Taiwanese identity. Political parties which advocate Taiwanese interests and consciousness fair better in National polls whereas parties which lean towards the Mainland are shunned. Majority in Taiwan favor the political situation to remain as it is. The rise of Nationalism in the Mainland has coincided with emergence of a Taiwanese identity.These two aspects are bound to repel any forces which aim to unite them and efficacy even isolate the US bid to act as an intermediary. The US, recently concentrated its military might in fighting the groundwork in Afghanistan. The recent world economic crunch has also dented the military war government agency of the US. In the Far East, North Koreas acquisition of nuclear weapons has polarized the correct region. It is obvious The Japanese who looked upon the US as protector are starting to feel vulnerable. As China vows not to recognize the independence of Taiwan, it would be only appropriate to front for the remilitarization of Japan.This will eventually ease the burden on the US military in the Far East and contribute to peace and stability in the region. China and the United States can without doubt be argued to be the worlds two indomitable super powers. An idea has been mooted to establish CHIMERICA a G2 alliance to mediate on contentious world affairs. The two countries have however initiated the US-China strategic and Dialogue forum to tackle issues on global warming, humanitarian crisis and proliferation of nuclear weapons. Chinese authorities have adopted policies set to improve co-operation on both sides of the straits.China hopes to maintain a Status Quo in her favor which simply means Taiwan will never be self-sufficing from the Mainland, especially taking into account its economic benefits. In 2010 the US proposed an arms sale to Taiwan which was vehemently opposed by mainland China. The US administration was to further antagonize Beijing when President Obama decided to host the Dalai Lama. The US today has its hands full in fighting terrorism at home and abroad. In the Far East, Chinas annexd economic might and international clout has tilted the power balance in her favor.A China Policy in tandem with the previous communiques will ease the existing security tensions in the Far East Region. The US has over time pursued a policy of close co-operation with a reformed and modernized China. This is to augur salubrious with the over 48 one million million dollars worth of investments by US companies operating in China. The United States of America faces a formidable challenge as it tries to maintain hegemony in a region which has been transformed radically by an emerging economic power, China. Many US firms have often been accused of setting up tax heaven in China.These firms are viewed by those opposed to the whole idea of US firms outs ourcing to China, as using US market to make huge profits and evading the responsibility of paying their fair share of national tax. This has forced the US lawmakers to devise ways and means to curb these loopholes, though its success rate is questionable. The Shanghai communique and others thenceforth have managed to harmonize the relationship between the US and the Peoples Republic of China. Each new US administration comes up with conflicting policies but which are based on the original communique, which advocates for one China.The signed documents are not binding and US interests, particularly in trade, are known to decree these communiques. The above concerns raised have led policy makers on both sides of the equation to carefully mensurate their short and long-term policies towards each other. Some of the approaches that have been laid on the table for debate and murder are- Approach 1 Envision a crumbling China Most debates in America as concerns China policy tend to d so undly on the emerging might of China, a big and threatening East Asian economic and military giant.Many others see a prosperous and cooperative Mainland China, which can is also be a strategic partner to the US. Rapid modernization whitethorn as well overwhelm the existing political structures in China to destabilize the country. At the moment, various provinces in the Mainland are agitating for self rule. An unstable Chinese State would reduce the governments capabilities to contain skillful vices in this vast country Industrialization in China has had its drawbacks as witnessed by the high pollution in urban areas. Stern laws are a deterrent to industries which pollute the environment.A weak, broken China will barely be able to enforce or control the resulting polluting culprits. A dis compound China is a more serious threat to the US interests while a United China is a Strategic advantage. An American policy on China ought to advocate for a stable domestic China. As the worlds largest producers and consumers, China and the US should be in the forefront stemming global warming. To monitor aims of environmental degradation in a splintered China would be a nightmare. With a thriving and united mainland, the US can also count on Chinese support to disarm North Korea of its nuclear arsenal though peaceful negotiations.The prospects of a failing China are a disadvantage to the US trade interests in Eastern Asia, where legion(predicate) US multinationals have invested heavily. A China policy should support a strong Cohesive State for floundering domestic China will deal a destabilizing blow externally. All the neighboring countries economies are strung-out on China, a spill over effect of instability can be disastrous for the entire region. As China economy comes to par with the western world, improved lifestyles and access to information is bound to flex discord as Citizens seek an outlet to flaunt their new wealth worldwide.A China policy should encourage cross cultural exchange between Citizens of the two States. An informed public will jug the deep rooted mistrusts of East verses West rivalries which are mostly myths. The success story of the Chinese economy would also boost the US tourism sectors as wealthy Chinese splash their wealth on US tours. Approach 2 Pursue One China Dialogue In China the Taiwan issue is a matter close to the hearts of many. It is an emotional subject which can erupt negatively if not checked. The US has always been sympathetic towards Taiwan because of her liberalism and democratic ideals.This does not go down well with the Chinese who insist Taiwan is the 23rd province of the Mainland. To ease the tensions along the Taiwan Strait, China policy ought to lean on One Nation, which encompasses the Mainland and Taiwan. As mentioned before, the US can also bargain for a united China in exchange for One Korea in the North. This will strategically secure North East Asia for the US as Japan is located in the nei ghborhood. The US should thereafter lobby for her trading concessions to be maintained. A sound and trusting relationship with China will eventually ensure world peace.though some may feel that the US policy at times are viewed by many around the globe to be a bit forcefully, China s policy especially on foreign issues has been a bit laid back. Whereas, the US may favor sanction of countries that it considered a threat to its national security. China has not been in favor of those sanctions and may only favor them as a last result. When it comes to Chinas internal affair especially on human rights issues, media freedom and body politic the Chinese have not taken lightly the US offshore comments on its internal affairs.It may seem that the standards of human rights issues are as far as the east is from the west when comparing china and the US. Across to the North East Japans economic muscle may eventually beset Nationalism fronting for the re-armament of their country. After the te sting of Nuclear weapons by North Korea, Japan must be judgement threatened. The emergence of new political players in Japan who profess aggressive military ideals can not be entirely ruled out. Historically a highly militarized Japan has been proved to be a global tyrant.It is whispered that The Japanese have never learnt from their preceding(a) military crimes, so they might as well be contained. Plus, given that Iran is also pursuing nuclear weapons and more nations are connexion the nuclear club. Japan which has been traditionally enjoying military and economic superiority may be forced to afterthought its policy. Though, China cannot be said to be a threat to Japans national security. The US has been advocating for nuclear non-proliferation and whether it will be able to convince the Chinese to reduce its nuclear run pile is another hard rock to crack.The process of pursuing One China Policy will maintain the Status Quo, China is known to prefer things to remain as they a re, while plotting ways of arbitrary Taiwan. The US is a major supplier of arms to Taiwan and as things stand, the Status Quo serves well the profits of US multinationals. The rise of Taiwanese Identity has altered the mindsets in the Island, where majority now are against reunion with the Mainland and prefer the Status Quo remain. The split in the two Chinas was fueled by Nationalists and Communists, as found in Taiwan and the Peoples Republic of China respectively.It is highly probable that integrating the two will strengthen the renewed Nationalism in the Mainland. Political optimists believe China will eventually transform itself into a Democracy, though the process might take a while. With fast ever-changing technology especially the fast growth of the internet China may find it hard to maintain its control of information freely flowing within its borders and would be forced to embrace democracy as viewed by the Americans. Some may argue that the US is playing double standard s when it advocates for democracy whereas its own records are questionable.Especially, when Issues related to fighting terrorism are concerned. With some of the view in China and many other nations within the region feeling that the US policies should be toned down and they should bring more intercourse on the table. Approach 3 Engage Top-level Bureaucrats The US-China Strategic and Economic Dialogue initiative is an example of Top-level bureaucratic engagement. The US Secretary of State heads the team in this initiative while the Chinese delegation is led by the Deputy Premier. High level consultations between the two countries have in the past capable the way for China to join the World Trade Organization.Bi-lateral Summits by the Presidents of the two powers have in the past yielded reforming solutions to global issues. With almost two digit growth rate been recorded by China, one may project and see that China may soon overtake the US economy which is growing at a much lower r ate than China. Comparing the two countries one may see that the national cake is more evenly distributed in America than China. Even though the wide gap between the poor and rich may at times benefits the US in the sense that they can outsource labor intensive projects at a relatively lower cost.Meetings between the Top leadership increase the level of Trust and diminish any hostile perceptions held. Apart from China, the US should play the role intercessor in issues affecting the East Asia region. Americas policy in the region will determine the relations with China. US national interests in diplomacy, military and economics will only be well protected when top government executives engage directly with the leadership of this region. US standing among the Nations of East Asia will affect Chinas views on issues.The US diplomats should push to strengthen existing alliances, while assessing the musical composition and capacity of stationed troops to fulfill their missions effective ly. China should also be engaged so as to embark in regional issues such as counter terrorism, Disaster management and peacekeeping. To check on North Korea, Trilateral consultations with the Republic of Korea and Japan should be intensified. Further consultations with Beijing and Moscow needed to pressurize capital of North Korea to cede developing nuclear weapons. Within the East Asia region, the US should support sound structural economic reforms in particular countries.This will provide the foundation for a sustainable economic growth in the 21st century. Aid ought to be granted to establish regional institutions which are comfortable with Americas involvement in East Asia affairs. Approach 4 Arms Trade On January of 2010, the US was stop a deal worth $6. 4 billion selling arms to Taiwan. Mainland China immediately threatened to impose restrictions on the US firms selling the arms. PRC later suspended consultations on certain regional and international issues. The US gesture ( arms sale), was seen as a snub to the spirit of One China. but the US-Japan alliance is favorable to the interests of China. Japan, due to her bloody military past is viewed with suspicion in the region. The US has effectively put on check any Japanese military ambitions. China has in the past borne the brunt of Japans military might and is comfortable with US limiting her capabilities. Japan is a nation with great capability when it comes to acquisition of military superiority. It has not lately been in the arms race seen within the region, which has compete very well with the Chinese. This can partially be attributed to the US check and balances on Japan.Though the whether the status quo remains is a thorny issue that would need to be addressed in future. Across Japan, North Korea is flexing her nuclear muscle from a tightly closed and controlled society. This scenario best presents the US with an opportunity to re-arm Japan on terms strictly dictated by the US. Thereafter this p rocess will eventually stretch US firms a lucrative avenue to invest in Japans, National Security industry. The level of militarization will however be in tandem with China and Russias aspirations, who can also act as mediators in the balancing of power along the Sea of Japan.